| Citation: | ZHAI Yi-lin, XIN Shi-cheng, SUN Jia-ze, LI Zhao-yu, CUI Jian-feng, DAI Qin. Parameter optimization of Gaussian unstable resonator and laser output characteristics[J]. Chinese Optics, 2026, 19(1): 123-132. doi: 10.37188/CO.2025-0110
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To achieve high-power and high-beam-quality laser output from a laser-diode (LD) side-pumped solid-state laser, we investigate an unstable resonator incorporating a Gaussian output mirror. The boundary finite element method was utilized to analyze the effects of the resonant cavity length, Gaussian mirror membrane spot radius, and curvature radius on high-order mode suppression. The functional theory of mode loss difference was applied to determine the mode-matching range and the optimal parameters for the spot radius. Furthermore, an output power model was established to derive the theoretical optimal central transmittance for compensating loss. Based on the theoretical and simulation results, the resonator parameters were optimized, and the output beam’s mode distribution and quality were experimentally characterized using different Gaussian mirrors. Under the operational conditions of a 400 mm resonator length, 7.3 A pump current, and 100 Hz repetition frequency, the implementation of a Gaussian mirror with a 3 mm spot radius, 1.5 m curvature radius, and 17% central transmittance produced a high-quality
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